1. To lack self-discipline is to lack any true  commitment to the goals one has set.

(A) To lack self-discipline is to lack

(B) To be lacking in self-discipline is to lack

(C) To lack self-discipline must be to lack

(D) Lacking self-discipline is to be lacking

(E) Lacking self-discipline is the lack of

2. The number of people jogging in city parks, in playgrounds, and even in the streets, is at least ten times what they were only five years ago.

(A) is at least ten times what they were

(B) are at least ten times what they were

(C) is at least ten times what it was

(D) are at least ten times what it was

(E) is at least ten times what the numbers were

3. For some children, accepting parental discipline that they consider unfair constitute a necessary accommodation.

(A) accepting parental discipline that they consider unfair constitute

(B) accepting parental discipline which they consider unfair constitute

(C) accepting parental discipline that one considers unfair constitute

(D) to accept parental discipline that they consider unfair constitute

(E) accepting parental discipline which they consider unfair constitutes

4. To protest their being underpaid in comparison to other city agencies, a strike was called by the sanitation workers.

(A) To protest their being underpaid in comparison to other city agencies, a strike was called by the sanitation workers.

(B) To protest them being underpaid in comparison with other city agencies, the sanitation workers called a strike.

(C) To protest their being comparatively underpaid with other city agencies, a strike was called by the sanitation workers.

(D) To protest their being underpaid in comparison with workers of other city agencies, the sanitation workers called a strike.

(E) The sanitation workers called a strike to protest them being underpaid in comparison with other city workers.

5. Both Samuel Beckett and Joseph Conrad were brought up speaking one language and they wrote in another language when they wrote novels.

(A) and they wrote in another language when they wrote novels

(B) having written novels in another language altogether

(C) but wrote their novels in another language

(D) yet when they wrote novels, they wrote them in another language

(E) with their novels being written in a different language

6. The relationship of smoking and lung cancer have been firmly established, yet people continue to ignore warnings, jeopardizing their health and that of others.

(A) The relationship of smoking and lung cancer have been firmly established, yet people continue to ignore warnings, jeopardizing their health and that of others.

(B) The relationship of smoking to lung cancer has been firmly established, yet people continue to ignore the warnings, jeopardizing their health and that of others.

(C) The relationship of smoking to lung cancer has been firmly established, yet  people continually ignore the warnings which jeopardize their own health and that of others.

(D) The relationship between smoking and lung cancer had been firmly established, yet people continue to ignore warnings, jeopardizing their own health and that of others.

(E) The relationship of smoking with lung cancer has been firmly established, with people continuing to ignore the warnings and jeopardizing their own health and others.

7. Accused of dishonesty, his repeated lies caused his colleagues to distrust him intensely.

(A) his repeated lies caused his colleagues to distrust him intensely

(B) he was distrusted intensely by his colleagues because of his repeated lies

(C) he was intensely distrusted by his colleagues due to his repeated lies

(D) his repeated lies cause his colleagues to distrust him intensely

(E) his repeated lies have caused his colleagues to have distrusted him

8. The parties have an agreement in principle, and because there is no signed contract does not mean that they cannot commence doing business immediately.

(A) and because there is no

(B) and there being no

(C) so a

(D) so the lack of a

(E) therefore no

9. Insofar as poultry is a good bargain and often less than a dollar a pound,  the per-person consumption of chicken and turkey has increased in the last ten years, while that of the more expensive meats such as beef and lamb has declined.

(A) Insofar as poultry is a good bargain and often less than a dollar a pound

(B) Because poultry is a good bargain and less than a dollar a pound often

(C) For the reason that poultry is a good bargain at often less than a dollar a pound

(D) Because poultry is a good bargain, often less than a dollar a pound,

(E) Insofar as poultry is a good bargain, selling for under a dollar a pound often

10. More than any other single factor, increases in the price of imported oil that has been responsible for the inflation experienced by the United States in the last few years.

(A) More than any other single factor, increases in the price of imported oil that has been responsible for

(B) More than any other single factor, increases in the price of imported oil have been responsible for

(C) More than any single factor, increases in the price of imported oil have been responsible for

(D) Increases in the price of imported oil, more than any other single factor, is the cause of

(E) Increases in the price of imported oil, more than any single factor, has been responsible for

11. Assigning additional work to an already overburdened worker, one made often by inept managers, it increases the risk that the worker will become totally alienated and cease being productive altogether.

(A) one made often by inept managers, it increases the risk

(B) one often made by inept managers, increases the risk

(C) a mistake often made by inept managers, the risk rises

(D) a mistake often made by inept managers, increases the risk

(E) which is often done by inept managers, the risk is increased that

12. Because of the number of colleges and universities in and around the city, the population of Boston has more percentage of students than any other city in the United States of comparable size.

(A) the population of Boston has more percentage of students than any other

(B) the population of Boston has more percentage of students than any

(C) Boston's population has a greater percentage of students as any other

(D) Boston has a higher percentage of students as any

(E) Boston has a higher percentage of students than any other

13. The committee rejected the proposal for several reasons, the chief among which were the cost of borrowing the money.

(A) the chief among which were the cost of borrowing the money

(B) the chief among which was the cost of borrowing the money

(C) the chief of which was the cost of borrowing the money

(D) of which the chief were the cost of borrowing the money

(E) with the cost of borrowing money being the one of the them

14. Lincoln, discovering in young manhood the secret that the Yankee peddler has learned before him, knew how to use a good story to generate good will.

(A) Lincoln, discovering in young manhood the secret that the Yankee peddler has learned before him, knew

(B) Discovering in young manhood the secret that the Yankee peddler has learned before him, Lincoln knew

(C) Lincoln, discovering the secret that the Yankee peddler had learned in young manhood before him, knew

(D) In young manhood Lincoln discovered the secret that the Yankee peddler had  learned before him:

(E) Lincoln, discovered in young  manhood the secret that the Yankee peddler had learned before him, knew

15. The leaders of countries in which drugs are produced often insist, contrary to the opinions of the leaders of countries in which drugs are used, that the solution to the drug problem is to reduce demand, not supply.

(A) The leaders of countries in which drugs are produced often insist, contrary to the opinions of the leaders of countries in which drugs are used,

(B) Drug-producing countries often insist, contrary to the leaders of  drug-using countries,

(C) Countries who are known to be drug producers often insist, contrary to the opinions of countries in which drugs are used,

(D) Countries that are drug producers insist, contrary to the leaders of  drug-using countries,

(E) Countries where drugs are produced often have leaders who, contrary to the opinion of drug-using countries, insists

16. The employment contracts of most high-level managers contain so-called Golden Parachute clauses, under which the executive is guaranteed substantial compensation if their firms ever fall victim to a hostile takeover.

(A) clauses, under which the executive is guaranteed

(B) clauses that guarantee these executives

(C) clauses, guaranteeing that these executives

(D) clause, under which the executive is guaranteed

(E) clause that guarantee the executive

17. Although the defense found the only lead that was likely to defeat the contract, the declarer ruffed in, sloughed her losing club on dummy's ace of diamonds, after drawing trumps, was able to score six spade tricks to make the grand slam.

(A) ruffed in, sloughed her losing club on dummy's ace of diamonds

(B) ruffed in and sloughed her losing club on dummy's ace of diamonds

(C) ruffing in, sloughed her losing club on dummy's ace of diamonds,

(D) ruffed in, sloughed her losing club on dummy's ace of diamonds, and

(E) ruffed in, sloughing her losing club on dummy's ace of diamonds,

18. Having lived in the Orient, both Perse and Claudel were influenced by oriental philosophy and landscape.

(A) both Perse and Claudel were influenced by oriental philosophy and landscape

(B) the works of both Perse and Claudel were influenced by oriental philosophy and landscape

(C) oriental philosophy and landscape influenced both Perse and Claudel both

(D) both Perse and Claudel were influenced by oriental philosophy and landscape in their work

(E) both Perse and Claudel were influenced in their work by not only oriental philosophy, but oriental landscape as well

19. Learning of the fall of Constantinople to the Turks in 1453, the failure of the crusading movement became apparent to Christian Europe which had ignored earlier major defeats.

(A) the failure of the crusading movement became apparent to Christian Europe which had ignored earlier major defeats

(B) Christian Europe realized that the crusading movement had failed, which had ignored earlier major defeats

(C) Christian Europe, which had ignored earlier major defeats, realized that the crusading movement had failed

(D) Christian Europe, ignoring earlier major defeats, realized that the crusading movement had failed

(E) Christian Europe ignored earlier major defeats and realized that the crusading movement had failed   

20. The paintings of Gustav Klimt are different from the painters he inspired who were more interested in exploring the unconscious than him.

(A) from the painters he inspired who were more interested in exploring the unconscious than him

(B) from those of the painters he inspired being more interested in the exploration of the unconscious than he

(C) than those of the painters he inspired who were more interested in the exploration of the unconscious than he

(D) than the painters he inspired because they were more interested in exploring the unconscious than he was

(E) from those of the painters he inspired who were more interested in exploring  the unconscious than he

 

Answer Key